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Allison V-1710
The Allison V-1710 aircraft engine was the only indigenous US-developed V-12 liquid-cooled engine to see service during World War II. Versions with a turbosupercharger gave excellent performance at high altitude in the twin-engined Lockheed P-38 Lightning, and turbosuperchargers were fitted to experimental single-engined fighters with similar results. The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) preference for turbosuperchargers early in the program meant that less effort was spent on developing suitable mechanically-driven, centrifugal superchargers, and when smaller or lower-cost versions of the engine were desired, they generally had poor performance at higher altitudes. The V-1710 nevertheless gave excellent service when turbosupercharged, notably in the P-38 Lightning, which accounted for much of the extensive production run.
==Design and development==
The Allison Division of General Motors began developing the ethylene glycol-cooled engine in 1929 to meet a USAAC need for a modern, , engine to fit into a new generation of streamlined bombers and fighters. To ease production the new design could be equipped with different propeller gearing systems and superchargers, allowing a single production line to build engines for various fighters and bombers.
The United States Navy (USN) hoped to use the V-1710 in its rigid airships ''Akron'' and ''Macon'', but both were equipped with German-built Maybach VL-2 engines〔Smith, 1965 p. 182〕 as the V-1710 was still in testing when the Macon was lost in February 1935 (the Akron having been lost in April 1933).〔Smith 1965, p. 178〕 The USAAC purchased its first V-1710 in December 1932. The Great Depression slowed development, and it was not until December 14, 1936 that the engine next flew in the Consolidated XA-11A testbed. The V-1710-C6 successfully completed the USAAC ''150 hour Type Test'' on April 23, 1937 at , the first engine of any type to do so. The engine was then offered to aircraft manufacturers where it powered the prototype Curtiss P-37s. All entrants in the new pursuit competition were designed around it, powering the Lockheed P-38, Bell P-39 and Curtiss P-40. When war material procurement agents from the United Kingdom asked North American Aviation to build the P-40 under license, NAA instead proposed their own improved aircraft design, using the V-1710 in their P-51A.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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